Как установить MariaDB на Ubuntu: пошаговая инструкция.

waky@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt update

waky@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt install -y mariadb-server
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libevent-core-2.1-7t64 libevent-pthreads-2.1-7t64 libmecab2 libprotobuf-lite32t64 mecab-ipadic mecab-ipadic-utf8 mecab-utils
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  galera-4 libconfig-inifiles-perl libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl libmariadb3 libmysqlclient21 libncurses6 libsnappy1v5 liburing2 lsof mariadb-client mariadb-client-core mariadb-common
  mariadb-plugin-provider-bzip2 mariadb-plugin-provider-lz4 mariadb-plugin-provider-lzma mariadb-plugin-provider-lzo mariadb-plugin-provider-snappy mariadb-server-core pv socat
Suggested packages:
  libmldbm-perl libnet-daemon-perl libsql-statement-perl mailx mariadb-test netcat-openbsd doc-base
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  mysql-client-8.0 mysql-client-core-8.0 mysql-server mysql-server-8.0 mysql-server-core-8.0
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  galera-4 libconfig-inifiles-perl libdbd-mysql-perl libdbi-perl libmariadb3 libmysqlclient21 libncurses6 libsnappy1v5 liburing2 lsof mariadb-client mariadb-client-core mariadb-common
  mariadb-plugin-provider-bzip2 mariadb-plugin-provider-lz4 mariadb-plugin-provider-lzma mariadb-plugin-provider-lzo mariadb-plugin-provider-snappy mariadb-server mariadb-server-core pv socat
0 upgraded, 22 newly installed, 5 to remove and 6 not upgraded.
...
waky@ubuntu:~$

waky@ubuntu:~$ systemctl status mariadb
● mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.11.13 database server
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; preset: enabled)
     Active: active (running) since Thu 2025-11-27 04:09:46 UTC; 2min 57s ago
       Docs: man:mariadbd(8)
             https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/
   Main PID: 1941 (mariadbd)
     Status: "Taking your SQL requests now..."
      Tasks: 10 (limit: 14957)
     Memory: 78.5M (peak: 81.5M)
        CPU: 1.081s
     CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
             └─1941 /usr/sbin/mariadbd
Nov 27 04:09:46 localubuntu mariadbd[1941]: 2025-11-27  4:09:46 0 [Note] Plugin 'FEEDBACK' is disabled.
Nov 27 04:09:46 localubuntu mariadbd[1941]: 2025-11-27  4:09:46 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /var/lib/mysql/ib_buffer_pool
Nov 27 04:09:46 localubuntu mariadbd[1941]: 2025-11-27  4:09:46 0 [Warning] You need to use --log-bin to make --expire-logs-days or --binlog-expire-logs-seconds work.
Nov 27 04:09:46 localubuntu mariadbd[1941]: 2025-11-27  4:09:46 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '127.0.0.1'.
Nov 27 04:09:46 localubuntu mariadbd[1941]: 2025-11-27  4:09:46 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 251127  4:09:46
Nov 27 04:09:46 localubuntu mariadbd[1941]: 2025-11-27  4:09:46 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mariadbd: ready for connections.
Nov 27 04:09:46 localubuntu mariadbd[1941]: Version: '10.11.13-MariaDB-0ubuntu0.24.04.1'  socket: '/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock'  port: 3306  Ubuntu 24.04
Nov 27 04:09:46 localubuntu systemd[1]: Started mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.11.13 database server.
Nov 27 04:09:46 localubuntu /etc/mysql/debian-start[1959]: Upgrading MariaDB tables if necessary.
Nov 27 04:09:46 localubuntu /etc/mysql/debian-start[1970]: Checking for insecure root accounts.
waky@ubuntu:~$ 

waky@ubuntu:~$ sudo mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody
can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation.

You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] n
 ... skipping.

You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.

Change the root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!

By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!
waky@ubuntu:~$

waky@ubuntu:~$ sudo mariadb
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 39
Server version: 10.11.13-MariaDB-0ubuntu0.24.04.1 Ubuntu 24.04
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye
waky@ubuntu:~$